SINGEING and its types

SINGEING:

Singeing    

The process of removal of protuding fibers from the surface of gray fabric by burning is called singeing.

OBJECTIVES OF SINGEING

Objectives of Singeing of  Woven Fabrics

Ø  Surface hairs helps to entrap air in the fabric when immersed in water it takes longer for water to enter the fabric since it must first displace the air .Singeing therefore helps to increase fabric wet ability.

Ø  It create a smooth surface for printing. It may be possible to print fine details on the Hairy surface but once the hairs moves again after printing and fine details  becomes fuzzy.

Ø  To emphases the woven Structure of the fabric if that is considered desirable.

Ø  To prevent a frosty appearance after dyeing. The projecting Dyed Hairs give the Fabric Surface The appearance of being poor   then rest the body of the fabric

Ø  To prevent or minimize the tendency of blend of Fabrics to form Pills. Pills  are the little Bolls of the Fibre that arise on the surface of some fabrics as a result of abrasion that occur during Usage.

Machines for singeing:

•   Rotary cylinder singeing machine
•   Plate singeing machine
•  Flame singeing    

PLATE SINGING MACHINES OPERATIONS

1.     In plate singeing the fabric is pass over one or two curved plates of cupper with size 1”-2” thickness.

2.     Guide rollers are used to ensure the enough contact of cloth with the plate surface so that the projecting fibers are removed without any damage.

3.     Two levers are used to move the plates up and down depends upon the life of the plate.

PARAMETRES OF SINGEING MAHINES

1.     The plates are heated up to 150 °C.

2.     Speed of the cloth is 135 to 225 meters per minute.

ROLLER SINGEINGE MACHINE OPERATIONS

1.     In roller singeing machine fabric is passed over a hallow cylinder of cupper or cast iron cylinder which is heated by internal firing.

2.     The cylinder revolves slowly opposite to fabric direction.

3.     The face and back surface of the fabric may be singed in single passage by using two rollers.

Parameters of Flame singeing Machine:

         1.      Composition of flam

      1 part LPG (liquid petroleum gas)

      2 parts Air

         2.      Nature of flame

      Use oxidizing flame because it produces minimum amount of ash

      Temperature of the flame is about 1300°C

Zones of Singeing Machine .

Ø There are five zones of singeing Machine

Ø Entrance Zone

Ø Brushing Zone

Ø Singeing Zone

Ø Washing Zone

         3.      Distance of flame from fabric surface should be 1.5 to 4 mm.

         4.      Speed of the fabric

·         Speed of the fabric depends upon quality of the fabric

·         Speed of low quality fabric should be 120 meter per minute.

·         Speed of High quality fabric should be 60 to 80 meter per minute.

          5.      Angle of the flame

· Perpendicular to fabric structure(for heavy weight fabric)

· Tangential to fabric structure(for light weight fabric)